... model in order to efficiently simulate the wind flow over complex terrain is presented. With the immersed boundary method, only one Cartesian grid is required to simulate the wind flow for all wind directions, with only the rotation of the digital elevation map. Thus, the lengthy procedure of generating...

...U. C. Arunachala; M. Siddhartha Bhatt; L. K. Sreepathi Scale formation in risers and header of direct solar hot water systems is a problem in places where hard water is being used. In this paper, the effect of scaling on energy efficiency indices such as instantaneous efficiency, mass flow rate...

..., especially in the state close to the critical point. Thus, natural convective flow of the supercritical carbon dioxide can be easily induced by solar heating or water cooling. Such convective flow absorbs and transports heat to water in solar collector tubes. Motivated by the above idea, an experimental...

...Wen Zhong Shen; Jian Hui Zhang; Jens Nørkær Sørensen This paper presents a new numerical technique for simulating two-dimensional wind turbine flow. The method, denoted as the 2D actuator surface technique, consists of a two-dimensional Navier–Stokes solver in which the pressure distribution...