... cones, the bottom of ice load panels, or the abrupt change in slope where a cone is joined to a cylinder), much smaller broken fragments and chips appear (by shear failure or crushing failure), as shown in Fig. 7 . life-cycle cost cost-effective design structural reliability optimal design...

..., and maintenance of offshore platforms as uncertain events may occur within the life-cycle of a platform. In this paper, the optimum design model of the expected life-cycle cost for ice-resistant platforms based on the cost-effectiveness criterion is proposed. Multiple performance demands of the structure...