This paper illustrates the application of a new multiphase material model for simulating distortion and residual stresses in carburized and quenched gear steels. Simulation is focused on thin, metallic strips that are heat treated to introduce a through-thickness carbon gradient. Because the material properties are strongly dependent on the carbon content, quenching causes significant transverse out-of-plane distortion. The material model accounts for a multiphase alloy structure where inelasticity in the individual phases is temperature and rate dependent. The model is fit to an extensive matrix of experimental data for low carbon steels (0.2–0.8 percent) whose transformation kinetics and mechanical response are similar to 4023 and 4620 alloys used in experiments. While residual stress data are limited, reasonable agreement with X-ray diffraction measurements was obtained. Comparisons of transverse deflections predicted numerically showed excellent agreement with those measured experimentally for all five thicknesses reported. Accurate transformation and lattice carburization strains are critical to correctly predict the sense and magnitude of these transverse distortions and in-plane residual stresses.
Skip Nav Destination
Article navigation
April 2003
Technical Papers
Simulating Distortion and Residual Stresses in Carburized Thin Strips
V. C. Prantil,
V. C. Prantil
Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969
Search for other works by this author on:
M. L. Callabresi,
M. L. Callabresi
Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969
Search for other works by this author on:
J. F. Lathrop,
J. F. Lathrop
Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969
Search for other works by this author on:
G. S. Ramaswamy,
G. S. Ramaswamy
The General Electric Company, Niskayuna, NY 12309
Search for other works by this author on:
M. T. Lusk
M. T. Lusk
Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401
Search for other works by this author on:
V. C. Prantil
Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969
M. L. Callabresi
Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969
J. F. Lathrop
Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969
G. S. Ramaswamy
The General Electric Company, Niskayuna, NY 12309
M. T. Lusk
Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401
Contributed by the Materials Division for publication in the JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY. Manuscript received by the Materials Division September 28, 1999; revision received September 18, 2000. Associate Editor: G. Johnson.
J. Eng. Mater. Technol. Apr 2003, 125(2): 116-124 (9 pages)
Published Online: April 4, 2003
Article history
Received:
September 28, 1999
Revised:
September 18, 2000
Online:
April 4, 2003
Citation
Prantil, V. C., Callabresi, M. L., Lathrop, J. F., Ramaswamy, G. S., and Lusk, M. T. (April 4, 2003). "Simulating Distortion and Residual Stresses in Carburized Thin Strips ." ASME. J. Eng. Mater. Technol. April 2003; 125(2): 116–124. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1543973
Download citation file:
Get Email Alerts
Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting the Hot Deformation Flow Stress of Sintered Al–Zn–Mg Alloy
J. Eng. Mater. Technol (April 2025)
Blast Mitigation Using Monolithic Closed-Cell Aluminum Foam
J. Eng. Mater. Technol (April 2025)
Irradiation Damage Evolution Dependence on Misorientation Angle for Σ 5 Grain Boundary of Nb: An Atomistic Simulation-Based Study
J. Eng. Mater. Technol (July 2025)
Related Articles
Numerical Simulation of a Heat-Treated Ring Gear Blank
J. Eng. Mater. Technol (July,2000)
Deformation and Life Estimates for a Metal Matrix—Spherical Particulate Subjected to Thermomechanical Loading
J. Eng. Mater. Technol (July,2006)
Simulation of the Distortion of Long Steel Profiles During
Cooling
J. Appl. Mech (May,2007)
Finite Element Analysis of Welding Processes by Way of Hypoelasticity-Based Formulation
J. Eng. Mater. Technol (April,2011)
Related Proceedings Papers
Related Chapters
Microstructure Evolution and Physics-Based Modeling
Ultrasonic Welding of Lithium-Ion Batteries
On the Evaluation of Thermal and Mechanical Factors in Low-Speed Sliding
Tribology of Mechanical Systems: A Guide to Present and Future Technologies
Understanding the Problem
Design and Application of the Worm Gear