Three-dimensional deflection of the electron beam resulting in a missed joint due to thermoelectric magnetism generated while welding dissimilar metals is systematically investigated. The incident energy rate distribution is assumed to be Gaussian and the deep and narrow welding cavity induced is idealized as a paraboloid of revolution. With a three-dimensional analytical solution for the temperature and by solving Maxwell’s electromagnetic equations, thermoelectric currents, magnetic flux densities, and deflections of the beam are found. The predictions agree with available experimental data. The results find that missed joints can be reduced by increasing the dimensionless accelerating voltage-to-Seebeck e.m.f. parameter, Peclet number, and effective electrical contact resistance parameter, and decreasing dimensionless beam power, magnetic permeabilities, and electrical conductivity ratio between metals 1 and 2. Tilting workpieces and shifting the electron gun from the joint line are also feasible. A three-dimensional analysis is required for a successful determination of beam deflection.
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Three-Dimensional Electron-Beam Deflection and Missed Joint in Welding Dissimilar Metals
P. S. Wei,
P. S. Wei
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424, China
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F. K. Chung
F. K. Chung
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424, China
Search for other works by this author on:
P. S. Wei
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424, China
F. K. Chung
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424, China
J. Heat Transfer. Nov 1997, 119(4): 832-839 (8 pages)
Published Online: November 1, 1997
Article history
Received:
January 23, 1997
Revised:
July 7, 1997
Online:
December 5, 2007
Citation
Wei, P. S., and Chung, F. K. (November 1, 1997). "Three-Dimensional Electron-Beam Deflection and Missed Joint in Welding Dissimilar Metals." ASME. J. Heat Transfer. November 1997; 119(4): 832–839. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2824190
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