Velocity and momentum decay characteristics of a submerged viscoplastic non-Newtonian jet are studied within the steady laminar flow regime. The governing mass and momentum conservation equations along with the Bingham rheological model are solved numerically using a finite-difference scheme. A parametric study is performed to reveal the influence of the initial velocity profile, flow inertia, and yield stress presence on the flow field characteristics. Two initial velocity profiles are considered, a top-hat and fully developed pipe jets. The centerline velocity decay is found to be more rapid for the pipe jet than the top-hat one when the fluid is Newtonian while the opposite trend is observed for yield stress Bingham fluids. The decay in the momentum flux of the pipe jet is always less than that of the top-hat jet. Momentum and velocity based jet depths of penetration are introduced and used to analyze the obtained flow field information for a wide range of Reynolds and yield numbers. Depths of penetration are found to linearly increase with the Reynolds number and substantially decrease with the yield number. The presence of yield stress significantly reduces the momentum and velocity penetration depths of submerged top-hat and pipe jets. Penetration depths of yield stress fluids are shown to be more than an order of magnitude smaller than the ones corresponding to Newtonian fluids.
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Department of Engineering,
Central Connecticut State University,
New Britain, CT 06050
e-mail: hammad@ccsu.edu
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February 2014
Research-Article
Velocity and Momentum Decay Characteristics of a Submerged Viscoplastic Jet
Khaled J. Hammad
Department of Engineering,
Central Connecticut State University,
New Britain, CT 06050
e-mail: hammad@ccsu.edu
Khaled J. Hammad
Mem. ASME
Department of Engineering,
Central Connecticut State University,
1615 Stanley Street
,New Britain, CT 06050
e-mail: hammad@ccsu.edu
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Khaled J. Hammad
Mem. ASME
Department of Engineering,
Central Connecticut State University,
1615 Stanley Street
,New Britain, CT 06050
e-mail: hammad@ccsu.edu
Contributed by the Fluids Engineering Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING. Manuscript received June 3, 2013; final manuscript received November 3, 2013; published online December 12, 2013. Assoc. Editor: Francine Battaglia.
J. Fluids Eng. Feb 2014, 136(2): 021205 (8 pages)
Published Online: December 12, 2013
Article history
Received:
June 3, 2013
Revision Received:
November 3, 2013
Citation
Hammad, K. J. (December 12, 2013). "Velocity and Momentum Decay Characteristics of a Submerged Viscoplastic Jet." ASME. J. Fluids Eng. February 2014; 136(2): 021205. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4025990
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