Multiple computational models have been developed to study knee biomechanics. However, the majority of these models are mainly validated against a limited range of loading conditions and/or do not include sufficient details of the critical anatomical structures within the joint. Due to the multifactorial dynamic nature of knee injuries, anatomic finite element (FE) models validated against multiple factors under a broad range of loading conditions are necessary. This study presents a validated FE model of the lower extremity with an anatomically accurate representation of the knee joint. The model was validated against tibiofemoral kinematics, ligaments strain/force, and articular cartilage pressure data measured directly from static, quasi-static, and dynamic cadaveric experiments. Strong correlations were observed between model predictions and experimental data (r > 0.8 and p < 0.0005 for all comparisons). FE predictions showed low deviations (root-mean-square (RMS) error) from average experimental data under all modes of static and quasi-static loading, falling within 2.5 deg of tibiofemoral rotation, 1% of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) strains, 17 N of ACL load, and 1 mm of tibiofemoral center of pressure. Similarly, the FE model was able to accurately predict tibiofemoral kinematics and ACL and MCL strains during simulated bipedal landings (dynamic loading). In addition to minimal deviation from direct cadaveric measurements, all model predictions fell within 95% confidence intervals of the average experimental data. Agreement between model predictions and experimental data demonstrates the ability of the developed model to predict the kinematics of the human knee joint as well as the complex, nonuniform stress and strain fields that occur in biological soft tissue. Such a model will facilitate the in-depth understanding of a multitude of potential knee injury mechanisms with special emphasis on ACL injury.
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January 2014
Research-Article
Finite Element Model of the Knee for Investigation of Injury Mechanisms: Development and Validation
Ali Kiapour,
Ali Kiapour
Engineering Center for Orthopaedic
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
e-mail: kiapour@asme.org
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
University of Toledo
,5051 Nitschke Hall MS 303
,2801 W. Bancroft St.
,Toledo, OH 43606
e-mail: kiapour@asme.org
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Ata M. Kiapour,
Ata M. Kiapour
Engineering Center for Orthopaedic
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
University of Toledo
,Toledo, OH 43606
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Boston Children's Hospital,
Harvard Medical School,
e-mail: ata.kiapour@childrens.harvard.edu
Boston Children's Hospital,
Harvard Medical School,
300 Longwood Ave.
,Enders 270.2
,Boston, MA 02115
e-mail: ata.kiapour@childrens.harvard.edu
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Vikas Kaul,
Vikas Kaul
Engineering Center for Orthopaedic
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
e-mail: vikaskaul@gmail.com
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
University of Toledo
,5051 Nitschke Hall MS 303
,2801 W. Bancroft St.
,Toledo, OH 43606
e-mail: vikaskaul@gmail.com
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Carmen E. Quatman,
Carmen E. Quatman
Sports Health and Performance Institute,
The Ohio State University
,Columbus, OH 43221
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
e-mail: carmen.quatman@osumc.edu
The Ohio State University
,2050 Kenny Road, Suite 3100
,Columbus, OH 43210
e-mail: carmen.quatman@osumc.edu
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Samuel C. Wordeman,
Samuel C. Wordeman
Sports Health and Performance Institute,
The Ohio State University
,Columbus, OH 43221
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
e-mail: wordemans@gmail.com
The Ohio State University
,2050 Kenny Road, Suite 3100
,Columbus, OH 43210
e-mail: wordemans@gmail.com
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Timothy E. Hewett,
Timothy E. Hewett
Sports Health and Performance Institute,
The Ohio State University
,Columbus, OH 43221
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
The Ohio State University
,Columbus, OH 43203
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
The Ohio State University
,Columbus, OH 43210
Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology,
Family Medicine and the School of Health
and Rehabilitation Sciences,
e-mail: timothy.hewett@osumc.edu
Family Medicine and the School of Health
and Rehabilitation Sciences,
2050 Kenny Road, Suite 3100
,Columbus, OH 43210
;e-mail: timothy.hewett@osumc.edu
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Constantine K. Demetropoulos,
Constantine K. Demetropoulos
Biomechanics and Injury Mitigation Systems,
Research and Exploratory Development Department,
e-mail: constantine.demetropoulos@jhuapl.edu
Research and Exploratory Development Department,
The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
,11100 Johns Hopkins Road Mail Stop: MP2-N143
,Laurel, MD 20723
e-mail: constantine.demetropoulos@jhuapl.edu
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Vijay K. Goel
Vijay K. Goel
1
Endowed Chair and McMaster-Gardner Professor of
Orthopaedic Bioengineering,
Co-Director of
Engineering Center for Orthopaedic
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
e-mail: vijay.goel@utoledo.edu
Orthopaedic Bioengineering,
Co-Director of
Engineering Center for Orthopaedic
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
University of Toledo
,5051 Nitschke Hall MS 303
,2801 W. Bancroft St.
,Toledo, OH 43606
e-mail: vijay.goel@utoledo.edu
1Corresponding author. Present address: 5051 NI, MS 303, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606.
Search for other works by this author on:
Ali Kiapour
Engineering Center for Orthopaedic
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
e-mail: kiapour@asme.org
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
University of Toledo
,5051 Nitschke Hall MS 303
,2801 W. Bancroft St.
,Toledo, OH 43606
e-mail: kiapour@asme.org
Ata M. Kiapour
Engineering Center for Orthopaedic
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
University of Toledo
,Toledo, OH 43606
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Boston Children's Hospital,
Harvard Medical School,
e-mail: ata.kiapour@childrens.harvard.edu
Boston Children's Hospital,
Harvard Medical School,
300 Longwood Ave.
,Enders 270.2
,Boston, MA 02115
e-mail: ata.kiapour@childrens.harvard.edu
Vikas Kaul
Engineering Center for Orthopaedic
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
e-mail: vikaskaul@gmail.com
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
University of Toledo
,5051 Nitschke Hall MS 303
,2801 W. Bancroft St.
,Toledo, OH 43606
e-mail: vikaskaul@gmail.com
Carmen E. Quatman
Sports Health and Performance Institute,
The Ohio State University
,Columbus, OH 43221
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
e-mail: carmen.quatman@osumc.edu
The Ohio State University
,2050 Kenny Road, Suite 3100
,Columbus, OH 43210
e-mail: carmen.quatman@osumc.edu
Samuel C. Wordeman
Sports Health and Performance Institute,
The Ohio State University
,Columbus, OH 43221
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
e-mail: wordemans@gmail.com
The Ohio State University
,2050 Kenny Road, Suite 3100
,Columbus, OH 43210
e-mail: wordemans@gmail.com
Timothy E. Hewett
Sports Health and Performance Institute,
The Ohio State University
,Columbus, OH 43221
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
The Ohio State University
,Columbus, OH 43203
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
The Ohio State University
,Columbus, OH 43210
Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology,
Family Medicine and the School of Health
and Rehabilitation Sciences,
e-mail: timothy.hewett@osumc.edu
Family Medicine and the School of Health
and Rehabilitation Sciences,
2050 Kenny Road, Suite 3100
,Columbus, OH 43210
;e-mail: timothy.hewett@osumc.edu
Constantine K. Demetropoulos
Biomechanics and Injury Mitigation Systems,
Research and Exploratory Development Department,
e-mail: constantine.demetropoulos@jhuapl.edu
Research and Exploratory Development Department,
The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
,11100 Johns Hopkins Road Mail Stop: MP2-N143
,Laurel, MD 20723
e-mail: constantine.demetropoulos@jhuapl.edu
Vijay K. Goel
Endowed Chair and McMaster-Gardner Professor of
Orthopaedic Bioengineering,
Co-Director of
Engineering Center for Orthopaedic
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
e-mail: vijay.goel@utoledo.edu
Orthopaedic Bioengineering,
Co-Director of
Engineering Center for Orthopaedic
Research Excellence (ECORE),
Departments of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering,
University of Toledo
,5051 Nitschke Hall MS 303
,2801 W. Bancroft St.
,Toledo, OH 43606
e-mail: vijay.goel@utoledo.edu
1Corresponding author. Present address: 5051 NI, MS 303, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606.
Contributed by the Bioengineering Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING. Manuscript received March 11, 2013; final manuscript received October 3, 2013; accepted manuscript posted October 11, 2013; published online November 26, 2013. Assoc. Editor: Tammy Haut Donahue.
J Biomech Eng. Jan 2014, 136(1): 011002 (14 pages)
Published Online: November 26, 2013
Article history
Received:
March 11, 2013
Revision Received:
October 3, 2013
Accepted:
October 11, 2013
Citation
Kiapour, A., Kiapour, A. M., Kaul, V., Quatman, C. E., Wordeman, S. C., Hewett, T. E., Demetropoulos, C. K., and Goel, V. K. (November 26, 2013). "Finite Element Model of the Knee for Investigation of Injury Mechanisms: Development and Validation." ASME. J Biomech Eng. January 2014; 136(1): 011002. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4025692
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