A bioheat-transfer-based numerical model was utilized to study the energy balance in healthy and malignant breasts subjected to forced convection in a wind tunnel. Steady-state temperature distributions on the skin surface of the breasts were obtained by numerically solving the conjugate heat transfer problem. Parametric studies on the influences of the airflow on the skin thermal expression of tumors were performed. It was found that the presence of tumor may not be clearly shown due to the irregularities of the skin temperature distribution induced by the airflow field. Nevertheless, image subtraction techniques could be employed to eliminate the effects of the flow field and thermal noise and significantly improve the thermal signature of the tumor on the skin surface. Inclusion of the possible skin vascular response to cold stress caused by the airflow further enhances the signal, especially for deeply embedded tumors that otherwise may not be detectable.
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April 2004
Technical Papers
Effect of Forced Convection on the Skin Thermal Expression of Breast Cancer
Lu Hu,
Lu Hu
School of Mechanical Engineering
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
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Ashish Gupta,
Ashish Gupta
School of Mechanical Engineering
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
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Jay P. Gore,
Jay P. Gore
School of Mechanical Engineering
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
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Lisa X. Xu
Lisa X. Xu
School of Mechanical Engineering
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
Search for other works by this author on:
Lu Hu
School of Mechanical Engineering
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
Ashish Gupta
School of Mechanical Engineering
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
Jay P. Gore
School of Mechanical Engineering
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
Lisa X. Xu
School of Mechanical Engineering
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
Contributed by the Bioengineering Division for publication in the JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING. Manuscript received by the Bioengineering Division May 10, 2003; revision received December 4, 2003. Associate Editor: E. P. Scott.
J Biomech Eng. Apr 2004, 126(2): 204-211 (8 pages)
Published Online: May 4, 2004
Article history
Received:
May 10, 2003
Revised:
December 4, 2003
Online:
May 4, 2004
Citation
Hu, L., Gupta, A., Gore, J. P., and Xu, L. X. (May 4, 2004). "Effect of Forced Convection on the Skin Thermal Expression of Breast Cancer ." ASME. J Biomech Eng. April 2004; 126(2): 204–211. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1688779
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