The properties and behavior of a surface as well as its interaction with surrounding media depend on the inherent material constituency and the surface topography. Structured surface topography can be achieved via surface wrinkling. Through the buckling of a thin film of stiff material bonded to a substrate of a softer material, wrinkled patterns can be created by inducing compressive stress states in the thin film. Using this same principle, we show the ability to create wrinkled topologies consisting of a highly structured gradient in amplitude and wavelength, and one which can be actively tuned. The mechanics of graded wrinkling are revealed through analytical modeling and finite element analysis, and further demonstrated with experiments.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
References
1.
Bechert
, D.
, Bruse
, M.
, and Hage
, W.
, 2000
, “Experiments With Three-Dimensional Riblets as an Idealized Model of Shark Skin
,” Exp. Fluids
, 28
(5
), pp. 403
–412
.2.
Bhushan
, B.
, 2011
, “Biomimetics Inspired Surfaces for Drag Reduction and Oleophobicity/Philicity
,” Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.
, 2
, pp. 66
–84
.3.
Bixler
, G.
, and Bhushan
, B.
, 2013
, “Bioinspired Micro/Nanostructured Surfaces for Oil Drag Reduction in Closed Channel Flow
,” Soft Matter
, 9
(5
), pp. 1620
–1635
.4.
Bixler
, G. D.
, and Bhushan
, B.
, 2013
, “Fluid Drag Reduction and Efficient Self-Cleaning With Rice Leaf and Butterfly Wing Bioinspired Surfaces
,” Nanoscale
, 5
(17
), pp. 7685
–7710
.5.
Feng
, L.
, Li
, S.
, Li
, Y.
, Li
, H.
, Zhang
, L.
, Zhai
, J.
, Song
, Y.
, Liu
, B.
, Jiang
, L.
, and Zhu
, D.
, 2002
, “Super-Hydrophobic Surfaces: From Natural to Artificial
,” Adv. Mater.
, 14
(24
), pp. 1857
–1860
.6.
Zheng
, Y.
, Gao
, X.
, and Jiang
, L.
, 2007
, “Directional Adhesion of Superhydrophobic Butterfly Wings
,” Soft Matter
, 3
(2
), pp. 178
–182
.7.
Allen
, H. G.
, 1993
, Analysis and Design of Structural Sandwich Panels
(The Commonwealth and International Library: Structures and Solid Body Mechanics Division), Pergamon Press
, Oxford, UK
.8.
Chen
, X.
, and Hutchinson
, J. W.
, 2004
, “Herringbone Buckling Patterns of Compressed Thin Films on Compliant Substrates
,” ASME J. Appl. Mech.
, 71
(5
), pp. 597
–603
.9.
Cao
, Y.
, and Hutchinson
, J. W.
, 2012
, “Wrinkling Phenomena in Neo-Hookean Film/Substrate Bilayers
,” ASME J. Appl. Mech.
, 79
(3
), p. 031019
.10.
Yin
, J.
, Yagüe
, J. L.
, Eggenspieler
, D.
, Gleason
, K. K.
, and Boyce
, M. C.
, 2012
, “Deterministic Ordered Two-Dimensional Micro-Patterns of Thin Film on Soft Substrates Through Sequential Wrinkling
,” Adv. Mater.
, 24
(40
), pp. 5441
–5446
.11.
Jiang
, H.
, Khang
, D.-Y.
, Song
, J.
, Sun
, Y.
, Huang
, Y.
, and Rogers
, J. A.
, 2007
, “Finite Deformation Mechanics in Buckled Thin Films on Compliant Supports
,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
, 104
(40
), pp. 15607
–15612
.12.
Volynskii
, A.
, Bazhenov
, S.
, Lebedeva
, O.
, and Bakeev
, N.
, 2000
, “Mechanical Buckling Instability of Thin Coatings Deposited on Soft Polymer Substrates
,” J. Mater. Sci.
, 35
(3
), pp. 547
–554
.13.
Efimenko
, K.
, Rackaitis
, M.
, Manias
, E.
, Vaziri
, A.
, Mahadevan
, L.
, and Genzer
, J.
, 2005
, “Nested Self-Similar Wrinkling Patterns in Skins
,” Nat. Mater.
, 4
(4
), pp. 293
–297
.14.
Moon
, M.
, Lee
, S.
, Sun
, J.
, Oh
, K.
, Vaziri
, A.
, and Hutchinson
, J.
, 2007
, “Wrinkled Hard Skins on Polymers Created by Focused Ion Beam
,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
, 104
(4
), pp. 1130
–1133
.15.
Southern
, E.
, and Thomas
, A.
, 1965
, “Effect of Constraints on the Equilibrium Swelling of Rubber Vulcanizates
,” J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Gen. Pap.
, 3
(2
), pp. 641
–646
.16.
Wang
, L.
, Pai
, C.-L.
, Boyce
, M. C.
, and Rutledge
, G. C.
, 2009
, “Wrinkled Surface Topographies of Electrospun Polymer Fibers
,” Appl. Phys. Lett.
, 94
(15
), p. 151916
.17.
Chan
, E.
, Smith
, E.
, Hayward
, R.
, and Crosby
, A.
, 2008
, “Surface Wrinkles for Smart Adhesion
,” Adv. Mater.
, 20
(4
), pp. 711
–716
.18.
Bowden
, N.
, Brittain
, S.
, and Evans
, A.
, 1998
, “Spontaneous Formation of Ordered Structures in Thin Films of Metals Supported on an Elastomeric Polymer
,” Nature
, 393
, pp. 146
–149
.19.
Chen
, X.
, and Yin
, J.
, 2010
, “Buckling Patterns of Thin Films on Curved Compliant Substrates With Applications to Morphogenesis and Three-Dimensional Micro-Fabrication
,” Soft Matter
, 6
(22
), pp. 5667
–5680
.20.
Davis
, C. S.
, and Crosby
, A. J.
, 2012
, “Wrinkle Morphologies With Two Distinct Wavelengths
,” J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys.
, 50
(17
), pp. 1225
–1232
.21.
Schweikart
, A.
, and Fery
, A.
, 2009
, “Controlled Wrinkling as a Novel Method for the Fabrication of Patterned Surfaces
,” Microchim. Acta
, 165
(3–4
), pp. 249
–263
.22.
Cerda
, E.
, and Mahadevan
, L.
, 2003
, “Geometry and Physics of Wrinkling
,” Phys. Rev. Lett.
, 90
(7
), p. 074302
.Copyright © 2016 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
